Sectional building construction



7 Oct. 21,- 1930. T. MANNING 1,779,325 I SECTIQNAL BUILDING,CONSTRUCTION Filed Ma rch 9, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet l Thomas Manning Oct.21, 1930. MANNlNG I 1,779,325

' SECTIONAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION- Filed March 9', 1928 Sheets-Sheet 2 mH R gwwmtov Thmmas Manni g Oct. 21, '1930.

T. MANNING SECTIONAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed March 9, 1928 3 sne'ts-sneei .5

I I 3 l7 gwuwnto'c Thuma s Manning Patented Oct. 21', 1930 UNITED STATESTHOMAS MANNING, 01 HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS sncnoniu. BUILmNG CONSTRUCTIONApplication filed March 9, 1928. Serial No. 260,537.

The present invention relates to building constructions and morespecifically to portable building structures of the sectional knock downtype. v The primary object of the invention resides in the provision ofa portable sectional building structure embodying features whereby thesections may be easily assembled, and disassembled without liability ofinjury being done the sections during dismembering of the structure.

A further object of the invention is to provide a sectional buildingconstruction embodying novel assembling features whereby the sectionswill be rigidly held in their adjusted positions and act asreinforcements one for another.

A further object of the invention is to provide a portable sectionalbuilding structure embodyingseparable framing sections adapted to beheld in assembled relation by means of threaded fastening elements, andthus allowing for easy assembling and dismembering of the structure.

A still further object of'the invention is to provide a sectionalbuilding structure embodying a novel arrangement for detachably securingthe wall'and roof sections to their supporting'frames.

39 A still further and important object of the invention resides in animproved floor framing plan for portable structures wherein the floorjoists are retained inposition and on edge without the aid of fasteningelements, by the floor sections of the structure.

A still further object of the invention resides in the provision of-animproved floor framing plan for portable structures having a borderingsill of improved design for supporting the floor joists, with bracingmeansfor the sill' whereby the same is-prevented from spreading and isheld in firm engagement at two of itsrsides withopposite ends of thejoists.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent duringthe course of the following detailed description, taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification andin which drawings:

Figure 1 is a horizontal section thru the sectional buildingIllustrating the floor framing plan, the section being one on a reducedscale taken on line 1-1 of Figure 3 and showing portions of the floorsections broken away.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of a sectional building constructed inaccordance with this invention.

- Figure 3 is a central longitudinal section thru the building.

Figure 4 is a horizontal section on line 44 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary top plan view of the sectional building andshowinga portion' of the roofing sections broken away.

Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section on line 6-;6-ofFigure 3, illustrating the construction of the sill and the mannor inwhich the ceiling and floor joists are connected with the side framingand sill respectively. 1

Figure 7 7-7 of Figure 6 and illustrating the joint formed at the lowercorners of the side framings.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary sect-ion on line 8-8 of Figure 6 andillustrating the manner in which one of the intermediately disposedjoists is anchored at its ends to the sills.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary end elevation of the upper portion of thesectional building and showing the manner in which the sectional panelsmay be arranged beneath the gable roof.

is a fragmentary section on line Figure 10 1s a side elevation of thelower end of one of the roofing rafters. Referring to the drawings indetail, and wherein similar reference characters designate correspondingparts thruout the several views, the improved sectional buildingconstruction has been shown asembodying a floor structure A, outsidewall structures B, a roofing structure C, and partition structures D.

Referring first tov the floor structure A, the

same embodies side and end sills 5 and 6 ie-' spectively adapted tobesupported upon suit-v able piers 7. These side and end sills'5 andembodies a horizontal base board 8 adapted to rest fiat upon the piers7, and an outer face board 9 disposed on edge at the outer edge of thebase board 8 so that the sill is of L-shape in formation as illustratedin Figure 6. These L-shaped sills are provided with mitered corners asat 10 in Figure 7 and are joined at their mitered ends by means of angleirons 11 attached by screws to the inner sides of the face board 9 sothat the angle irons aside from forming a rigid connection for the endsof the sills also serve to retain the face board on edge upon the baseboard 8. It will be seen that the L-shaped sills form a shelf 12 at theinner side of the sills. A girder 13 may'extend longitudinally of thebuilding midway between the side sills 5 and may be supported uponsuitable piers as at 14. Arranged to extend parallel with the end sills6, is a suitable number of fioor joists 15 having their outer endsresting upon the shelf 12 of the side sills 5 with the ends of thejoists abutting with the inner face of the vertical face board 9. Thesejoists 15 have their inner ends meeting with a butt joint 16 over thegirder 13 as in Figure 6 whereby the joist sections to each side of thegirder may be arranged in alignment with one another as is clearly shownin Figure 1. These floor joists 15 are arranged on edge as shown in.Figure 3 and suitable battens 17 are nailed across the inner abuttingends of the joists for holding the joist sections together. As will beobserved in Figure 1, the

. nails for securing the battens 17 to the joist sections are not drivenentirely home. but are left so that the heads project a suificientdistance whereby the nails may be readily withdrawn when dismemberingthe building structure. may be of a length toextend from one side sillto another, it is preferred that the joists be formed in sections sincesuch will reduce the cost of construction by allowing for shorterlengths of lumber to be used in the construction, and will also allowfor more compact shippin and transporting of the building. One 0 thejoists, as at 15 has its opposite ends secured to the vertical faceboard 9 of the side sills '5 as by means of suitable angle irons 18which are disposed one at each side of the joist and are attached to theinner side of the face boards 9 by means of screws as illustrated inFigure 8. Thus it will be seen that by so anchoringthe ends of thejoists 15 to the side sills 5 that the joist serves as a tie forpreventing the side sills from spreading at their intermediate portions.While but one of the joists has been shown anchored to the side sills,it will be apparent that more of the joists may be similarly anchored tothe side sills should the structure be'of considerable length. Arrangedto extend transversely across and rest upon the upper edges of the floorjoists 15 are While if so desired the joists 15 suitable floor sections20 which carry at their under sides .suitable transverse cleats 21 whichare arranged in. airs and so spaced as to engage opposite si es of thefloor joists at the upper edges of the joists. By so having the cleats21engage the upper edges of the joists it will be seen that the oists areretained in position and on edge without the necessity of providingfastening means for the joists. The floor sections 20 may be formed ofany suitable material and if composed of a series of lengths of flooringthe cleats 21 will se'rve-to hold the flooring together. It may here bewell to state that the floor joists 15 are preferably of a height equalto the height of the face board 9 of the sills.

A tie means is provided for further preventing spreading of the sidesills 5 and retaining the floor structure 'in proper assembled relation,and embodies two or more tie rods 22 which are anchored at their ends inthe opposite side sills and are provided with suitable turn buckles 23whereby the side sills may be drawn into firm engagement with theopposite ends of the joists 15.

Referring now to the outside wall structure B, the same embodies anumber of wall framing sections 24 of suitable dimensions in accordancewith the size and shape of the number of vertically disposed studs 25con-' nected at their lower edge by a bottom wall plate 26' and at theirupper ends by a top wall plate 27. J The bottom plate 26 of the wallframing sections is intended to rest upon the upper edge of the faceboard 9 of the sills and be secured to the sills as by means of suitablebolts 28 which extend thru the bottom wall plate 26 and base board 8 ofthe sills as shown in Figure 6. It will also be observed in igure 6 thatthe bottom wall plate 26 of the framing sections for the side of thebuilding rest partially upon the end portions of the joists 15. Thus itwill be seen that the bottom wall plate 26 will serve to prevent theoist 15 from moving upwardly oil of the base board 8 since the plate 26and L-shaped sills 5 form a channel-like structure for receiving theterminals of the joists. The wall framing structures 24 may beconstructed to provide suitable door and sections have been shown. ashaving upper and lower headers 33 and 34 respectively exi tendingbetween certain of the upright studs to provide the window openings 32.

The wall framing sections 24 are secured together by means of bolts 35which will allow for ready and easy assembling of the wall structures,and at each end of the wall structures, the bottom and top wall plates26 and 27 respectively extend past the corably coupled to the sills 5and 6 by the bolts 28 and are rigidly connected at their cornerportionsbyineans of the angle irons 37.

Arranged for detachable connectionwith the wall framing sections 24, areoutside wall sections 38 which may be formed of any suitable wallmaterial. The wall sections further include attaching cleats 39 whichare intended to be secured to the studs 25 as by v 40 such as nails.

means of driven headed fastening elements These cleats 39, when the wallsections are disposed upon the outer side of the wall framing sections,haveone edge engaging one side of the studs whereby the nails 40 may bereadily driven into the studs for firmly anchoring the wall sections tothe framing sections. The nails 40 are not driven entirely into thestuds, but are left so that their head portions project a suitabledistance from the cleats as to allow for the nails to be withdrawn fromthe studs when dismembering the structure. The cleatsmay be affixed tothe wall material in any preferred manner in accordance with theparticular type of wall material being employed.

A cover strip 41 is placed over the joint between the wall framingsections and is secured in position by bolts 42 which extend thru thestuds at the meeting ends of the framing sections; Corner cover strips43 are also provided at each corner of the structure and maybe securedto the wall structures in any preferred manner.

Connecting the upper ends of the side wall sections 38 is a series ofceiling joists 44 which are arranged on edge and are-notched out ateach' end as at 45 in Figure 6. The ends of the ceiling joists rest uponthe upper side of the top wall plates 27 and are secured thereto as bymeans of bolts 46. By so notching each'end of vthe ceiling joist attheir lower edges it will be'seen that a'shoul- 'der is formed whichabuts against the inner edge of the top wall plate in. a manner wherebythe ceiling joists serve to properly space the side wall sections. Theseceiling joists 44 may also be formed in sections arranged in abuttingrelation at their'ends and connected by a suitable batten 47.

Referring now to the roofing structure 0 and which is in the forin of aable roof, the same embodies a series of roo ng rafters 50 which may bejoined at the edge of the roof as by toe nailing or the like. The outerendsjof the roofing rafters, and at their under edges are notched as at51 in Figure 10 to provideseats which rest upon the top.

suitable eaves.

wall plate 27 of the side wall framing sections at one side of each ofthe ceiling joists 44. Each of the roofing rafters 50 is secured to itsadjacent ceiling joist 44 as by means of a bolt 52 which will allow forready dismembering of the roofing structure upon removal of the bolts52. The ends of the roofing rafters 50 preferably project past the sidesof the building to provide The roofing structure also embodies a seriesof .roof sections 53 provided at their under sides with suitable cleats54 which are secured to the rafters 50 as by suitable nails 55. As willbe observed in Figure 3, the cleats 54 are so arranged that the cleatsof adjacent roof sections engage opposite sides of-the rafters 50 in amanner whereby the cleats will serve to prevent the rafters from tiltingor shifting out of parallel relation. The abutting ends of the roofingsections preferably meet over oneof the rafters 50, and at the abuttingends of the roofing sections, a cleat is provided on the sections forengaging each side of the particular rafter over which the roofingsecfor sealing the joint between the upper ends of the side walls, andthe roofing structure.- The ends of the terminal roofing sections extendbeyond the gables 60 and are provided adjacent their ends with cleatswhich align on all of the sections for attachment to a suitable bargeboard 61 serving to retain the ends of the roofing sections in alignmentand also providing a finished appearance for the ends of the gable roof.

Referring now to the partition structures D, and which are intended fordividing the building into suitable rooms, the same embody a suitablenumber of partition studs 62 provided with top partition plates 63 andbottom partition plates 64. These partition structures D may be securedtogether as bybolts 65, and in the floor plan shown in F igure 1 it willbe seen that a series of the partition structures have been connected.in

alignment to form a partition extending transversely of the joists 15 ata point midway betweenthe side sills 5. In Figure 6 it will be seen thatthe central longitudinal partition is arranged directly over the girder13 so that the bottom partition plate 64 extends over the butt joint ofthe joist 15 and thatthe joints of the ceiling joists 44 are disposedabove the top partition plate 63 so that the,partition serves as asupport for the inner end of the sections of the ceiling joists. Asbefore stated, these partition structures 1) may be of any sizes fordividing the floor plan of the structure into any desired numnotched outand that the battens 47 are cor- .respondingly notched out at theirunder edges to provide a pocket 47' which receives the top partitionplate 63 in a manner whereby the partition structure is held iripositionwithout requiring that the partition structure be secured to the ceilingjoist by means of fastening element.

As shown in Figure 1, the partition structures are arranged so as tocoyer some of the joints of the floor sections.

A suitable porch such as designated generally by the numeral may besectionally constructed and attached to one end of the main buildingstructure in any preferred manner.

The partition structures D may be-covered with any preferred finishingfacing such as composition sheet material and the inner side of the wallstructures and under side of the ceiling joist may be finished off inany preferred manner.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that an improvedportable building structure of the sectional knock down type has beenprovided embodying features whereby the structure may be readilyassembled and dismembered, and one embodying features whereby thestructure will be rigidly braced and held in assembled relation. It willfurther be apparent that a novel floor structure has been provided whichwill be of extremely rigid construction, and yet of suchconstruction ast'o*-allow for the frame to be readily dismembered for transportingpurposes. It will also be apparent that a novel means of attachment ofthe wall and roof sections to their supporting frames or elements hasbeen provided whereby the sections serve as a reinforcement for theirsupporting members and are readily removable therefrom.

Changes in detail may be made to the form of invention herein shown anddescribed, without departing from the spirit of the in vention or thescope of the following claims.

I claim: v i

1. In a sectional building construction, a floor structure embodying Lsills providing base and face sections, floor joists freely resting onedge upon the base sections with their ends abutting with the facesections and having their .upper edges flush withthe upper edges of theface sections, wall structures comprising separable framing sectionsembody- 4 ing bottom wall platesresting upon the upper tion andextending inwardly over the termi.

nal portions of the joists, and bolts extending vertically thru thebottom wall plate and base sections inwardly of the face section foranchoring the wall structures to the sills and retaining the joists inposition and on edge upon the base sections of the sills.

2.1 In a sectional building construction comprisin side wall structuresembodying top wall plates, their ends upon the upper surface of the wallplates, a bolt extended vertically thru the end of each ceiling joistand its underlying wall plate for detachably connecting the ceilingjoist to the wall plate, roofing rafters resting adjacent one end uponthe top wall plate in side surface contactone with each of the ceilingjoists, and a bolt extended thru the overlying portion of each ceilingjoist and its adj aceut roofing rafter for detachably coupling theroofing rafters to their respective ceiling oists.

THOMAS MANNING.

a series of ceiling joists resting at-

